Voice Over Internet protocol (VoIP)

Voice Over Internet Protocol or VoIP for short uses Internet Protocols to communicate with one another to allow calling from one person to another. Unlike normal telephone call VoIP allows free transmission - a huge benefit in the technological world. User interfaces have been built and designed to allow even the most novice computer user to talk free to family and friends across the globe, programs such a the obvious Skype have revolutionised the way we talk to people, this privileged option to speak to someone on the other side of the world has advanced our civilization forward to what seemed impossible 20 years ago. As long as each user has a fast enough downstream speed, preferably using an ADSL or recently even a 3G signal on a smartphone device anyone can talk for free.

Broadband - ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) cable

The broadband ADSL, also known as (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line). Unlike the conventional means of a dial-up, which works on the same frequencies as a telephone line a ADSL uses a splitter through a normal telephone wire but works using separate unused frequencies allowing both internet and phone calls to be received simultaneously. The broadband ADSL, also known as (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line). Unlike the conventional means of a dial-up, which works on the same frequencies as a telephone line a ADSL uses a splitter through a normal telephone wire but works using separate simultaneously.

By looking at this bar chart, the usage of the download and upload frequencies can be noticed, compared to the common phone usage there is quite a dramatic difference.

Over the years, the downstream speed has increased. Since the very first ADSL protocol - which could tolerate speeds of up to 8.0 Mbit/s, speeds have doubled, and nearly tripping now ranging from 12 to 24 Mbit/s. Although ADSL is a perfect means of communication the new arrival of fibre optics may wipe this protocol out with speed far exceeding 40 Mbit/s.

Unlike the 3G and Edge protocol's bluetooth uses a short-range radio frequency band. Also unlike the other radio protocol's it uses a specially designed technology called frequency-hopping spread spectrum, what this does is chop up the information being sent into smaller chinks - usually in sizes consisting of 1MHz each. Following the introduction of Bluetooth 2.0, data rate speeds lead from 1Mbit/s to 3Mbit/s. One main difference that bluetooth has compared to other radio protocols is that it can connect directly to another bluetooth radio, it uses a packet-based protocol with a master-slave structure that allows the master to set up a piconet (a type of personal area network) and connect to seven slave bluetooth devices.

Since the first release of the bluetooth protocol in 1994 many more uses have become available such as USB bluetooth devices that allow the users to simply plug and play, also printers and head sets are now built with a bluetooth radio inside allowing a user to have hassle free connection to their device.